kMarflow | WinIT-Blog

CMDLet’s

Disclaimer

The use of commands is at your own risk. Never use commands unless you fully understand their functionality.

CMD Commands do work in Powershell in most cases (but not vice-versa) to add several commands in a single execution, in PS use ‘;’ in CMD use ‘&’

General Windows Info

Windows Version

PowerShell
Get-CimInstance Win32_OperatingSystem | Select-Object Caption, Version
CMD
systeminfo | findstr /B /C:"OS Name" /B /C:"OS Version"

last bootup-Time

PowerShell
Get-CimInstance -ClassName Win32_OperatingSystem | Select-Object LastBootUpTime
CMD
systeminfo | find "System Boot Time"

Get Last Shutdown/Reboot Events

fetches shutdown/reboot events from Eventlogger

PowerShell
Get-EventLog -LogName system -Source user32 | Select TimeGenerated, Message -Unique | ft -Wrap

Pending Reboot

Install Module

PowerShell
Install-Module -Name PendingReboot
Import-Module PendingReboot

Run CMDLet:

PowerShell
Test-PendingReboot -Detailed

Display Device Domain Join Status

CMD
dsregcmd /status

Battery Report

CMD
powercfg /batteryreport

get hotfix Info

PowerShell
Get-HotFix | Select-Object -First 20 -Property Description, HotFixID, InstalledOn | Sort-Object -Property InstalledOn -Descending
CMD
wmic qfe list brief /format:table | findstr /i /v "Caption"

Shutdown

shutdown PC after the time given with /t xxx (in seconds)
for reboot add /r
the /f Flag enforces the shutdown… loged in users get signed out!
on execution, active users get a notification that the PC will shutdown in t time, without further notice

CMD
shutdown /f /t 0
CPU Info

CPU – Overall Usage

returns a single value of the total average usage

PowerShell
Get-CimInstance win32_processor | Measure-Object -Property LoadPercentage -Average

CPU – Overall Usage (continuous)

Returns a single value of the total average usage

PowerShell
While($true){
  Get-CimInstance win32_processor | Measure-Object -Property LoadPercentage -Average | Select-Object Average
  Start-Sleep -Seconds 1
}

CPU – High usage processes

Get processes using the most CPU (using logical processes… values over 100% possible)
-gt 2 = more than 2 seconds of CPU time

PowerShell
(Get-Counter '\Process(*)\% Processor Time').CounterSamples | Where-Object {$_.CookedValue -gt 2} | Select-Object -Property InstanceName, CookedValue | Sort-Object -Property cookedvalue -Descending
Windows System

Bypass Execution Policy

Allow temporary Script-Execution

PowerShell
set-executionpolicy bypass

Windows troubleshooter

Win11: Microsoft moves Troubleshooter to their “Get Help” app.
Currently, most Troubleshooters known until Windows 10 are still available in Win11 23H2 using msdt.exe
For a list of available packages, see Available Troubleshooting packs.

Example: Run Network Adapter Diagnostics:

CMD
msdt.exe /id NetworkDiagnosticsNetworkAdapter
General System Repair

System-Files & Component Store Repair

CMD
sfc /scannow
DISM.exe /Online /Cleanup-image /Scanhealth
DISM.exe /Online /Cleanup-image /RestoreHealth

Component Store Cleanup

if /RestoreHealth results in an error that the source files can not be found, this may sometimes resolve the issue

CMD
DISM /Online /Cleanup-Image /AnalyzeComponentStore

if /AnalyzeComponentStore results in the information that a Component Store Cleanup is adviced, proceed with the following

CMD
DISM /Online /Cleanup-Image /StartComponentCleanup

SCCM – Repair (local)

PowerShell
start-process $env:WinDir\CCM\ccmrepair.exe
CMD
%WinDir%\CCM\ccmrepair.exe

SCCM – Repair (remote)

PowerShell
function SCCM-RepairClient([String] $CompName) {
  $SCCMClient = [wmiclass] "\\$CompName\root\ccm:sms_client"
  $SCCMClient.RepairClient() 
}
$ComputerName=Read-Host "`r`nSCCM-Client Repair:`r`n-------------------`r`nEnter Computername"
SCCM-RepairClient -ComputerName "$ComputerName"

Memory Repair

Each (Efficiency)CPU core can scan 4 GB in parallel in about 20 minutes (limited by RAM/DDR speed limits)
e.g. 4-core CPU scans 16 GB in 20 min, 2-core CPU scans 16 GB in 40 min, 8-core CPU scans 16 GB in 20 min as well

CMD
MDSCHED

Disk Check and repair

  • /r: This switch tells CHKDSK to locate bad sectors in the disk and attempt to recover any readable information from them. It also implies the functionality of /f, so you don’t need to specify /f separately.
  • /f: This switch tells CHKDSK to fix any errors it finds on the disk.
CMD
chkdsk /r /f
Specific System Repair

Reset Explorer Views

force resets all Explorer view Settings
Delete the following keys and restart Explorer

Registry
HKEY_USERS\Software\Microsoft\Windows\Shell\Bags
HKEY_USERS\Software\Microsoft\Windows\Shell\BagMRU

Repair WMI repository

PowerShell
winmgmt /verifyrepository
winmgmt /salvagerepository
stop-service -force winmgmt
start-service winmgmt

Repair All AppxPackages

Repair all Packages and system modules
remove -AllUsers to only repair the modules for the current user (Users may have separate modules from -AllUsers)

PowerShell
Get-AppxPackage -AllUsers | ForEach-Object {
  Add-AppxPackage -DisableDevelopmentMode -Register "$($_.InstallLocation)\AppXManifest.xml"
}

Further information can be found here: MS Store & Winget: App-Management in Windows

Repair Specific AppxPackages

Repair a specific Module (such as DesktopAppInstaller/Winget)
remove -AllUsers to only repair the modules for the current user (Users may have separate modules from -AllUsers). Change -Name if needed for a different module.

PowerShell
Get-AppxPackage -Name Microsoft.DesktopAppInstaller -AllUsers | ForEach-Object {
  Add-AppxPackage -DisableDevelopmentMode -Register "$($_.InstallLocation)\AppXManifest.xml"
}

Other AppxPackages:

Further information can be found here: Windows Explorer: A Powerhouse for it all

  • Microsoft.Windows.ShellExperienceHost → Handles the Taskbar, Start Menu, and other shell components.
  • Microsoft.Windows.Taskbar (on newer builds) → Manages specific Taskbar-related functionality.
  • Microsoft.Windows.ActionCenter → Controls the notification area (Action Center), a part of the Taskbar.
  • Microsoft.Windows.StartMenuExperienceHost → Responsible for rendering the Start Menu UI.
  • Microsoft.Windows.Photos → Windows Photos Application
  • Microsoft.BingSearch -> responsible for the Web-Search integration in Windows Search (such as Taskbar Search or Startmenu)
General Windows Update Troubleshoot

Windows-Update Troubleshooter

CMD
msdt.exe /id WindowsUpdateDiagnostic

Reset WUA & BITS Services

PowerShell
$currentDateTime=(Get-Date).ToString("yyyy-MM-dd_HH-mm")
$softwareDistributionPath = "$Env:systemroot\SoftwareDistribution"
$catroot2Path = "$Env:systemroot\system32\catroot2"
$softwareDistributionBackupPath = "$softwareDistributionPath.bak"
$catroot2BackupPath = "$catroot2Path.bak"
$Services = 'wuauserv','bits','appidsvc','cryptsvc','msiserver','trustedinstaller','ccmexec','smstsmgr'
Get-Service $Services -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue | Stop-Service -Force
if (Test-Path -Path $softwareDistributionBackupPath) {
    Write-Verbose "Backup directory exists. Deleting $softwareDistributionBackupPath..."
    Remove-Item -Path $softwareDistributionBackupPath -Recurse -Force -Verbose
}
if (Test-Path -Path $softwareDistributionPath) {
    Rename-Item -Path $softwareDistributionPath -NewName SoftwareDistribution.bak
}
if (Test-Path -Path $catroot2BackupPath) {
    Write-Verbose "Backup directory exists. Deleting $catroot2BackupPath..."
    Remove-Item -Path $catroot2BackupPath -Recurse -Force -Verbose
}
if (Test-Path -Path $catroot2Path) {
    Rename-Item -Path $catroot2Path -NewName catroot2.bak
}
Get-Service $Services -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue | Start-Service
$successMessage = "Windows Update Cleanup successfully.`r`nSoftwareDistribution and catroot2 folders have been renamed."
Write-Host "`r`n`r`n[$currentDateTime] - INFO:`r`n$successMessage"
CMD
net stop bits
net stop wuauserv
net stop cryptsvc
net stop appidsvc
net stop msiserver
net stop trustedinstaller
net stop ccmexec
net stop smstsmgr 
rmdir %systemroot%\SoftwareDistribution /S /Q
rmdir %systemroot%\system32\catroot2 /S /Q
net start cryptsvc
net start wuauserv
net start bits
net start appidsvc
net start msiserver
net start trustedinstaller
net start ccmexec
net start smstsmgr

Windows Update Install (PowerShell)

install module

PowerShell
Install-PackageProvider -Name NuGet -MinimumVersion 2.8.5.201 -Force
Install-Module -Name PSWindowsUpdate -Force
Get-Package -Name PSWindowsUpdate
Import-Module PSWindowsUpdate

install Update
(switch -KBArticleID to -updateID to use Windows update Catalog UpdateID instead of KB-number)

PowerShell
Get-WindowsUpdate -Install -KBArticleID KB5017308

Network-Drive Mapping Fix

Windows tries to map the network drives immediately when loading the Profile, even if no network is available… This may cause the Drives not to be available in the Explorer.
As prevention, run gpedit and enable the policy: “Always wait for the network at computer startup and logon” located under Computer Configuration -> Policies -> Administrative Templates -> System -> Logon

Restart the Services:

PowerShell
Stop-Service @('FDResPub','fdPHost')
Start-Service @('fdPHost','FDResPub')

Restart Printer Spooler

PowerShell
restart-service spooler
CMD
net stop spooler
net start spooler

Check User Sessions

get logged in users on machine

CMD
query user

log off specific session (replace <ID> from command-result above)

CMD
logoff <ID>

long Shutdown Fix

  • Win Settings > Updates > Troubleshoot > additional troubleshooters > Power
  • Turn off fast boot via Control Panel -> Power Options -> Choose what the Power buttons do
  • turn off clearing PageFile on shutdown by changing ClearPageFileAtShutdown to 0 :
Registry
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager\Memory Management
  • change WaitToKillServiceTimeout to 2000 (or higher)
Registry
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control
Software Uninstallation

Uninstallation troubleshooter:

To troubleshoot failing installs and un-installs, Microsoft provides a specific Troubleshooter:
Simply download via this direct-Link, or via support.microsoft.com.

Get all installed Software (via WMI)

PowerShell
Get-WmiObject -Class Win32_Product | select Name, Version, Vendor | Sort-Object -Property Name

Search installed Software-Packages

PowerShell
$str = Read-Host "Enter Package-Name (Part)"
Get-Package | Where-Object { $_.Name -match "$str" }

remove installed Software (via WMI)

use Full name provided by the Get all installed Software section above

PowerShell
$pkgName = Read-Host "Enter the Package Name"
(Get-WmiObject -Class Win32_Product | Where-Object{$_.Name -eq "$pkgName"}).Uninstall()

remove installed Software-Package

use Full name provided by the Search installed Software-Packages section above

PowerShell
$pkgName = Read-Host "Enter the Package Name"
Uninstall-Package -Name $pkgName -Confirm

Bulk Uninstall

Dangerous!

Uninstall All Packages from a Specific Vendor:
Github (halatsWol): bulkUninstall.ps1

Microsoft Support and Recovery Assistant (cmd-based)

(OffScrub)

Removes all MS Office installations and Residuals

Download Assistant from: https://aka.ms/SaRA_EnterpriseVersionFiles
Documentation: https://aka.ms/SaRA_CommandLineVersion

  1. Download Assistant
  2. Extract the files (e.g. to C:\Temp\)
  3. Open CMD as Admin
  4. Change to the directory where the files are located (e.g. ” cd ‘C:\Temp\SaRACmd_17_01_2276_000\’ “)
  5. Run the following command:
CMD
SaRAcmd.exe -S OfficeScrubScenario -AcceptEula -OfficeVersion All
General Software Repair
Office
Office 365 General

Office File Cache

Office File Cache is used to store files that are used by Office Applications. If office does not work properly these file will not be cleared when Closing the Office-Document. This may cause “File in use” issues

clear Cache via Office > File > Options > Save > Cache Settings > Delete Cached Files. Doubble check the path below if it is empty
Additionally set in Office > File > Options > Save > Cache Settings > Delete files from the Office Document Cache when they are closed

Cache Location:

Explorer-Path
%LOCALAPPDATA%\Microsoft\Office\16.0\OfficeFileCache

Office repair

PowerShell
Start-Process -FilePath "$env:ProgramFiles\Microsoft Office 15\ClientX64\OfficeClickToRun.exe"`
  -ArgumentList "scenario=Repair", "platform=x64", "culture=en-us", 'DisplayLevel=False' -Wait
CMD
"%ProgramFiles%\Microsoft Office 15\ClientX64\OfficeClickToRun.exe" scenario=Repair platform=x64 culture=en-us DisplayLevel=False

Office x86 to x64 upgrade

When upgrading Microsoft Office 365 from x86 to x64 Architecture, it may happen that a Registry Entry is not removed which points to the Program Files x86 Path.
This may cause 3rd Party Software which communicates with MS Office to throw Errors

PowerShell
$regPath = 'HKLM:\Software\Classes\TypeLib\{00062FFF-0000-0000-C000-000000000046}\9.6\0\Win32'
if (Test-Path $regPath) {
    try {
        Remove-Item -Path $regPath -Recurse -Force
        Write-Host 'The "Win32" folder has been successfully deleted from the registry.'
    } catch {
        Write-Host 'An error occurred while trying to delete the "Win32" folder: $_'
    }
} else {
    Write-Host 'The WWin32W folder does not exist in the specified registry path.'
}

Repair Word-Registry

use when Word does not start or crash on start

This will not repair the Word, but may fix issues with the Windows-Registry. Only works with Word…

CMD
winword.exe /r

Office 365 EXE names:

Wordwinword.exe
Excelexcel.exe
PowerPointpowerpnt.exe
Outlookoutlook.exe
OneNoteonenote.exe
Accessmsaccess.exe
Outlook

Outlook switches

Safe Modeoutlook.exe /safe
Clean Viewsoutlook.exe /cleanviews
Profile Promptoutlook.exe /profiles
Clean Rules
use when the Rules-Button in File>Account-Settings>Deligate-Access throws an error
/cleanrules removes all rules on client and server!
delete Rules on Clientoutlook.exe /cleanclientrules
delete Rules on Serveroutlook.exe /cleanserverrules
delete All Rulesoutlook.exe /cleanrules

Clean Rules

use when the Rules-Button in File>Account-Settings>Deligate-Access throws an error

/cleanrules removes all rules on client and server!

delete Rules on Clientoutlook.exe /cleanclientrules
delete Rules on Serveroutlook.exe /cleanserverrules
delete All Rulesoutlook.exe /cleanrules

Other Oultook Switches

reset Folder Namesoutlook.exe /ResetFolderNames
reset Foldersoutlook.exe /ResetFolders
reset Ribbonoutlook.exe /ResetOutlookBar
reset Navigationoutlook.exe /ResetNavPane
clear ItemProcSearch1outlook.exe /cleanips
  1. Clears the ItemProcSearch Folder, when messages are stuck in the item processing pipeline (e.g. Outbox-Queue) ↩︎

MS-Teams

Cache Location:

Exporer-Path
%LOCALAPPDATA%\Packages\MSTeams_8wekyb3d8bbwe\LocalCache
Active Directory

Search User by PhoneNr

PowerShell
$number = Read-Host -Prompt "What is the mobile phone number you are looking for"
Write-Host "`r`nStarting Search.`r`nProcess will stop if a match is found.`r`nTo cancel Press 'Ctrl+C'."
$number = $number -replace '[^0-9]'  # Normalize input
$match = Get-ADUser -Filter * -Properties MobilePhone, HomePhone, OfficePhone, DisplayName, sAMAccountName |
  Select-Object DisplayName, sAMAccountName, MobilePhone, OfficePhone, HomePhone |
Where-Object {
  ($_.MobilePhone -replace '[^0-9]' -like "*$number*") -or
	($_.OfficePhone -replace '[^0-9]' -like "*$number*") -or
	($_.HomePhone -replace '[^0-9]' -like "*$number*")
} | Select-Object -First 1
if ($match) {
  Write-Host "`r`nMatch found:`r`n$match"
} else {
  Write-Host "`r`nNo match found."
}

List all Groups, a user is member of

PowerShell
$user=read-host "enter username"
((Get-ADUser $user -Properties MemberOf ).MemberOf.split(",")| where-object {$_.contains("CN=")}).replace("CN=","")

Add a User to a Group

PowerShell
$user=read-host "enter username"
$adGroup=Read-Host "Enter User-Group name"
Add-ADGroupMember -Identity $adGroup -Members $user

Compare Usergroup Membership

Compares 2 users and lists the ‘Member of’-Groups that are missing on User1

PowerShell
$user1=read-host "enter username User1" 
$user2=read-host "enter username User2"
$users = $user1, $user2
$user1Groups = ((Get-ADUser $users[0] -Properties MemberOf).MemberOf.split(",") | where-object { $_.contains("CN=") }).replace("CN=", "")
$user2Groups = ((Get-ADUser $users[1] -Properties MemberOf).MemberOf.split(",") | where-object { $_.contains("CN=") }).replace("CN=", "")
$missingInUser1 = $user2Groups | Where-Object { $user1Groups -notcontains $_ }
Write-Host "`r`n`r`n`r`nFollowing groups are missing for $user1 :"
$missingInUser1

list Goups in a specific OU

with $searchBase specify the path in reverse order.
if the OU location is part of company.com then enter: OU=location,OU=company.com

PowerShell
$searchBase=read-host "enter OU path in reverse Order"
Get-ADObject -Filter 'objectClass -eq "group"' -SearchBase $searchBase -Properties DistinguishedName, ManagedBy, Description | ForEach-Object {
  $groupCN = $_.DistinguishedName.split(",") | Where-Object { $_.contains("CN=") } | ForEach-Object { $_.replace("CN=", "") }
  $owner = if ($_.ManagedBy) { (Get-ADUser -Identity $_.ManagedBy).SamAccountName } else { "No owner" }
  [PSCustomObject]@{
    GroupCN   = $groupCN
    Description = $_.Description
    Owner     = $owner
  }
} | Group-Object Owner | ForEach-Object {
  Write-Output "Owner: $($_.Name)"
  $_.Group | ForEach-Object {
    Write-Output " - Group: $($_.GroupCN)"
    Write-Output "Path: $($_.Description)"
    Write-Output ""
  }
  Write-Output ""
}
Network commands

Network Configuration Info

CMD
ipconfig /all

renew DNS

CMD
ipconfig /flushdns
ipconfig /registerdns

renew IP (dhcp)

CMD
ipconfig /release
ipconfig /renew

IP/Hostname resolve

resolves Hostname/Webdomain to its IP address and vice versa
additionally shows the resolving Nameserver that handled the request

CMD
nslookup <hostname/domain/IP-Address>

Follow request path

lists the ip-Adresses of DevicesServers that handle your request

CMD
tracert <domain/IP-Address>

list devices in local Network

lists the known MAC-Adresses of Devices in the local Network with the dedicated IP-Address

CMD
arp -a

Who Is

shows the ‘WhoIs’ information (owner-information)of a domain

CMD
whois <domain>
Info

Official Domains (eg. microsoft.com) have the WhoIs information public.
This information may indicate that a mail/Website might be malicious
Attention: the WhoIs information is provided by the Domain-Owner. Therefore it may be false!
WhoIs Information may indicate a malicous domain, but never that it is save!
WhoIs Information may be redacted for privacy reasons. This may be for ‘save’ private Domains and malicous ones!

WhoIs is not part of windows 10 and upwards
download from Microsoft SysInternals | WhoIs
either copy whois.exe to C:\Windows\system32\ or go to the whois.exe-location in CMD by entering cd <Directory-Path-to-whois.exe>

show known Networks

CMD
netsh wlan show profiles

show Wifi Interfaces

CMD
netsh wlan show interfaces

Change Wifi Priority

CMD
netsh wlan set profileorder name="NETWORK-PROFILE-NAME" interface="YOUR-INTERFACE-NAME" priority=1

connect to Remote PowerShell

PowerShell
Enter-PSSession -ComputerName <remote-ComputerName>
Port-Scans:

Scan for open TCP-Ports

PowerShell
mkdir -force C:\_temp
Get-NetTCPConnection -State Established | Tee-Object -file C:\_temp\tcp_all.log

Scan for open UDP-Ports

PowerShell
mkdir -force C:\_temp
Get-NetUDPEndpoint | Tee-Object -file C:\_temp\udp_all.log

Scan for specific Ports

To Search UDP-Ports used for a specific IP, change -LocalPort to -LocalAddress

PowerShell
mkdir -force C:\_temp
$port= Read-Host "Enter the Port-Number"
Get-NetUDPEndpoint -LocalPort $port | Select-Object LocalAddress,LocalPort,OwningProcess,@{
  Name="ProcessName"
  Expression={((Get-Process -Id $_.OwningProcess).Name )}
} | Tee-Object -file "C:\_temp\udp_$port.log"
new Windows Profile

either run the script removeUserProfile.ps1 or follow the steps below

  1. whith the user still signed in, make a Screenshot of the Mapped Network-Drives and Printers
  2. Sign out the User in question & Log in as different user (Admin)
  3. open the following path:
Registry
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\ProfileList
  1. here you will find at least one Key (Folder) named something like S-1-5-21-3552239657-3581867678-65225843-1001
    look through the Keys in ProfileList and look in each under ProfileImagePath for the User
  2. get the Name of the Key (=SID) and copy it aside (e.g. into Editor)
  3. go right-click in the Registry on the Key > Export
  4. delete the SID-Key in ProfileList (the whole folder)
  5. (only if available) in HKEY_USERS look again for the Keys containing the SID-Key (also the one ending in <SID-Key>_classes)
    select each Key, go to in the Registry Window > File & click on Unload Hive…
  6. In Explorer: rename User folder C:\Users\<username> to C:\Users\<username>.OLD
  7. Log out
  8. let user Login again
  9. set up printer, network Drives etc
  10. copy relevent data from old profile to new profile-Folder (Documents, Pictures, etc. … if they are not synced via OneDrive or similar)
  11. delete old profile Folder
DISM Install Features

Get all features

CMD
dism /online /get-features /format:table

Install feature

if output says Pending, a reboot is needed

PowerShell
$feature = Read-Host "Enter the Feature Name"
Dism /online /Enable-Feature /FeatureName:$feature /norestart /quiet 
Dism /online /Get-FeatureInfo /FeatureName:$feature
CMD
set /p feature=Enter the Feature Name:
Dism /online /Enable-Feature /FeatureName:%feature% /norestart /quiet
Dism /online /Get-FeatureInfo /FeatureName:%feature%

Disable feature

if output says Pending, a reboot is needed

PowerShell
$feature = Read-Host "Enter the Feature Name"
Dism /online /Disable-Feature /FeatureName:$feature /norestart /quiet
Dism /online /Get-FeatureInfo /FeatureName:$feature
CMD
set /p feature=Enter the Feature Name:
Dism /online /Disable-Feature /FeatureName:%feature% /norestart /quiet
Dism /online /Get-FeatureInfo /FeatureName:%feature%
Windows Tools

Windows Tools

Run Win+R to Execute

Icon Executable Name Description
cleanmgr.exe Disk Cleanup Manager Removes unnecessary files from your hard drive
compmgmt.msc Computer Management Provides a centralized console for managing system components.
control.exe Control Panel a central hub for system settings
control.exe keymgr.dll Credential Manager Manage stored Login Credetials
desk.cpl Display Settings (new) Set up and customize Display Resolution, Position, etc.
devmgmt.msc Device Manager Manages hardware devices
diskmgmt.msc Disk Management for managing disk partitions and volumes.
dxdiag.exe DirectX Diagnostic Tool Diagnoses DirectX-related issues and provides system information.
eventvwr.msc Event Viewer Logs system events, errors, and warnings
gpedit.msc Group Policy Editor Configures group policies
inetcpl.cpl Internet Properties Configures Internet Explorer settings
intl.cpl Region Win95 Region and Format Settings
lusrmgr.msc Local Users and Groups Manages local user accounts and groups
mdsched.exe Memory Diagnostic Scheduler Diagnoses memory issues
mmc.exe Microsoft Management Console A framework for managing various system components
mmsys.cpl Multimedia Control Panel for configuring audio and video devices.
msconfig.exe System Configuration Configures system startup settings
msdt.exe Diagnostic tool used for various hardware and software troubleshooting.
msinfo32.exe System Information Provides detailed information about system hardware and software
ncpa.cpl Network Connections
(Network Adapters)		 Folder for all network Adapters, used for Adapter-specific Network-Configuration
netstat.exe Network Statistics for viewing network connections and statistics (CMD Tool).
perfmon.exe Performance Monitor Monitors system performance metrics
perfmon.exe /rel Reliability Monitor Tracks system reliability and helps identify and resolve common issues.
regedit.exe Registry Editor for editing the Windows Registry
resmon.exe Resource Monitor Provides a real-time view of system resource usage, including CPU, memory, disk, and network activity
secpol.msc Local Security Policy Configures security settings
services.msc Services for managing system services
sysdm.cpl System Properties Provides system information and settings
taskmgr.exe Task Manager for monitoring system performance and processes
taskschd.msc Task Scheduler for managing planned and reoccurring Tasks
timedate.cpl Date and Time Win95 Date and Time Settings
winver.exe Windows Version Displays Windows version and build information.
Alphabet

English

A

Alpha

B

Beta

C

Ceasar

D

Delta

E

Echo

F

Foxtrott

G

Golf

H

Hotel

I

India

J

Juliet

K

Kilo

L

Lima

M

Mike

N

November

O

Oscar

P

Papa

Q

Quebec

R

Romeo

S

Sierra

T

Tango

U

Uniform

V

Victor

W

Whiskey

X

X-Ray

Y

Yankee

Z

Zulu

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

German

A

Anton

B

Berta

C

Cäsar

D

Dora

E

Emil

F

Friedrich

G

Gustav

H

Heinrich

I

Ida

J

Julius

K

Konrad

L

Ludwig

M

Marta

N

Nordpol

O

Otto

P

Paula

Q

Quelle

R

Richard

S

Siegfried

Sch

Schule

T

Theotor

U

Ulrich

V

Viktor

W

Wilhelm

X

Xaver

Y

Ypsilon

Z

Zeppelin

Ä

Ärger

Ö

Ökonom

Ü

Übermut